Dr. Dreyer has focused her research on the application of genome-based methods for the rapid diagnosis and transmission of tuberculosis, particularly drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). She has developed several tools for the advanced analysis of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data, including an online tool, PhyResSe, which was the first globally available tool for automated resistance prediction. This tool enables non-specialized users to analyze NGS data and is now used worldwide. She also developed binoSNP, a tool that allows the detection and statistical evaluation of low-frequency variants in NGS datasets. These methods have already been evaluated in initial clinical studies and are currently being further tested and developed in international studies.Dr. Dreyer has also made significant contributions to the application of genome sequencing as a 'culture-free' diagnostic method. This is of paramount importance in light of the global spread of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains, which is critical for the more effective control of drug-resistant TB in the future. Through several collaborative studies with researchers from around the world, she is using genome sequencing-based approaches to study the transmission and evolution of drug-resistant MTBC strains, including studies in Mumbai.

Importantly, Dr. Dreyer’s research has not been confined to theoretical or laboratory advancements; it has had a substantial impact on the translation of scientific findings into clinical practice, enabling earlier resistance detection and the design of more personalized treatment regimens for patients with drug-resistant TB. Furthermore, she has been actively involved in training and capacity building, conducting several training sessions, such as those on the application of targeted NGS (tNGS) for drug resistance prediction and the bioinformatics analysis of NGS data.